The
basic plural (“all the ~”, “~ in general”) is formed by
adding either -r or -i.
-r
after vowel except
-ë
-r after -ië
-i replaces -ë
-i
after consonant
Vala
→ Valar
(as a group)
Atan
(Human) → Atani
(Humans, in general)
lassë
(a leaf) → lassi
(leaves)
tári
(high queen)
Ambar
(the World)
ëar
(sea)
Quenya
has a lot more different kinds of plural, compared to English.
English
has only “singular” (one) and “plural” (more than one) forms.
Quenya
has
“singular”
(one),
basic
plural (“all the ~”, “~ in general”),
partitive
plural (“some ~”, “a group of ~”),
“the
(subgroup of) ~ previously mentioned”,
and
dual (“a pair of ~”).
For
this lesson, we stick to the most basic plural,
the one that means "all the (somethings)" or (somethings)
in general". We will get to the other plurals in later
lessons.
Practice – Your Turn
Highlight the shaded box to see the answer.
Form
the plurals:
aran
(king)
arani
Casar
(Dwarf)
Casari
heri
(lady) herir
hísië
(mist)
hísier
huo
(dog) huor
lócë
(dragon) lóci
már
(home)
mári
Extra
Material for the Geeks:
Analysts
of Quenya disagree about the plural of már.
Tolkien did not explicitly list the plural. If már
follows
the "regular" pattern, its plural is mári.
Some
analysts argue that the plural should be mardi.
nórië
(country)
nórier
nyéni
(female goat) nyénir
orva
(apple) orvar
osellë
(kinswoman)
oselli
otorno
(kinsman)
otornor
parma
(book) parmar
sicil
(knife) sikili
tári
(high queen) tárir
tië
(path) tier
vinë
(young child) vini
yávë
(fruit) yávi
Maia
Maiar
Vala
Valar
Elda
(High
Elf)
Eldar
Notice
that "Casar",
"lócë"
and "sicil"
could equally well be spelled "Kasar",
"lókë"
and "sikil",
since "C"
and "K"
are the same letter in Quenya.
No comments:
Post a Comment