Tuesday, April 2, 2013

Dual (Another Kind of Noun Plural)

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Dual is used for a natural pair.   Body parts often come in "natural pairs."  A married couple is a pair.   "Mother and father" is a pair of parents.

Two hands belonging to two different people are not "a pair" in this sense.   The parents of two different people are not "a pair."

Tolkien's directions for forming the dual are somewhat vague.   All duals end in -u or -t.   One reasonable conjecture is:

-u if the word ends in a consonant

if the word ends in a vowel,

-u replaces the final vowel, if the last consonant is -t or -d

-t after the vowel, if the last consonant is not -t or -d



ontar (parent)                       ontaru (mother & father)

hen (stem hend-) (eye)        hendu (both eyes)

alda (tree)                              Aldu (The Two Trees of Valinor)

(Two ordinary trees would not generally be "a pair".   They would be just atta aldar, "two trees.")

Extra Material for the Geeks:
Analysts speculate that the duals, which Tolkien never listed, of arm, ranco (stem rancu-) and leg, telco (stem telcu-) are rancu and telcu.



Practice – Your Turn 

Highlight the shaded boxes to see the answers.
 

a pair of:

lár (stem lar-)(ear)     laru

tál (stem tal-)(foot)     talu

occa (knee)                  occat

ráma (wing)                 rámat

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